Monovalve cylinder head construction



Jan. 18, 1938. w, FATE 2,105,699

MONOVALVE CYLINDER HEAD CONSTRUCTION Filed Jan. 11, 1937 Inventor zyz ae gumwfi u v .4 iiorneys Patented Jan. 18, 1938 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE Walker M. Pate, New Orleans, La., assignor of one-half to Thomas F. Boyle, New Orleans,

Application January 11, 1937, SerialNo. 120,082

9 Claims.

This invention appertains to new and useful improvements in the art of internal combustion engines and more particularly to a novel cylinder head construction of the single poppet valve exhaust and air admission type.

In this type of exhaust and air admission control, a single valve, usually of the poppet type, is employed for permitting exhaust of the products of combustion on the exhaust stroke of the piston, and also admission of air during the suction stroke of the piston.

Numerous patents have been issued along this line with the aim in view of utilizing a single passageway having an intermediate portion communicating with the combustion chamber of the cylinder at the port of the single valve, to the end that air will be supplied to the combustion chamber from one end of the passageway, while the products of combustion will be expelled through the valve port toward the opposite end of the passageway.

The attempts heretofore to control the admission of air and to exhaust burned gases in a mono-valve type engine, with a single passageway for air admission and exhaust, have been met with only mediocre success, due to the so far unsolved problem of keeping the exhaust gases from exhausting into the air supply side of the single passageway, without the employment of supplemental valve mechanism for this specific purpose.

The principal object of this invention is to provide a single valve cylinder head construction wherein the single air admission and exhaust passageway is constructed in such a manner as to preclude the exhausting of the products of combustion into the air admission side of the passageway, and this without the employment of any movable mechanical parts; and furthermore to relate the air admission side of the passageway with the exhaust side of the passageway in such a manner as to cause a definite directional movement of the air supply from the air supply side of the passageway to the valve port, when the valve is in open position, and into the exhaust side of the passageway, only when the valve is in closed position to clear and cool the exhaust side of the passageway.

Various other important objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent to the reader of the following specification.

In the drawing:

Figure 1 represents a fragmentary vertical sectional view through the upper portion of an internal combustion engine constructed in accordance with the present invention.

Figure 2 is a fragmentary vertical sectional view taken substantially on the line 2-2 of Figure 1.

Referring to the drawing wherein like numerals designate like parts, it can be seen that numeral 5 representsthe usual cylinder block having the bore 6 therein receiving the piston 1.

Numeral 8 denotes the novel cylinder head construction in which the combustion chamber 9 is located. It will be observed that this combustion chamber 9 is of frustro-conical shape having the poppet valve seat ID at its upper end. As this is a mono-valve type cylinder head construction the port at the top of the combustion chamber 9 is the only communication between the combustion chamber and the air admission and exhaust passageway construction generally referred to by reference characters lI-l2. An air supply tubing l3 connects to the inlet end of the air admission side H of the passageway, while the exhaust tubing or conduit 14 connects with the outlet end of the exhaust side l2 of the passageway.

It can be seen in Figure 1 that the air admission side I l of the passageway is substantially on a horizontal plane, with the inlet end a located a substantial distance below the outlet end b of the exhaust side l2. Furthermore, it can be seen that the exhaust side of the passageway is substantially in the form of a curved elbow having the inner end of the air admission side ll communicating with its lower end just above the valve port of the combustion chamber 9.

To effect an arcuate sweep of the air, through the air supply side ll of the passageway, the top portion 0 of the air supply side of the conduit is curved downwardly toward the combustion chamber port and to maintain the cross sectional area of this portion I l of the passageway throughout the length of this portion, the air admission portion ll of the passageway gradually increases in width while decreasing in depth until it merges with the ovate orifice I5 at the inner end of the air admission side II, that is, where the air admission side of the passageway merges with the lower end of the exhaust side l2 of the passageway. This affords a lip Ha which serves to deflect air across the adjacent end of the exhaust tube l2 and directly into the port l0. However, it will be noted that the specific purpose in having the combustion chamber 9 of frustro-conicial shape is so that the exhausting gases will be directed exclusively into the exhaust side l2 of the conduit. With this in mind, it can be seen that the orifice I5 is located in the offset wall portion 01 of the lower end of the exhaust side I2 of the passageway so that as the burned gases are exhausting they will shoot upwardly through the exhaust side I2 of the passageway without entering the side II. Immediately on the intake stroke of the piston 1 air in passing through the side II of the passageway will be guided in such a manner as to describe a slight are which will find its inner end entering the port of the combustion chamber 9.

When the valve I6 is .in closed position of course air passing through the side II of the passageway will be shunted upwardly through the side I2 of the passageway for the purpose of clearing the passageway and cooling the valve. Figure 1 also shows the usual stem II of the valve I6 which operates through the guide I8, which guide is mounted in the guide boss I9. The upper end of the stem I1 is engaged by .the usual valve rocker 20 and a spring 2| is provided on the stemfor holding the valve IS in seated position. I

Numeral 22 represents the usual fuel injector for the combustion chamber 9.

It will furthermore be observed that the prodnets of combustion in escapingthrough the passageway I2 will draw air from conduit I3 into the said passageway to aid in the cooling of the exhaust gases. Moreover, the flow of air is constant, passing through the entire passageway when the valve is closed, incidentally cooling the valve, and passing through to the combustion chamber when the valve is open.

While the foregoing specification sets forth the invention in specific terms, it is to be understood that numerous changes in theshape, size and material may be resorted to without departing from the spirit and' scope of the invention as claimed hereinafter.

Having described theinvention what is claimed as new is:

1. In a mono-valve cylinder head construction, a combustion chamber having a valved port, an

: exhaust passageway extending coaxially from the port and delivering the exhaust to an outlet adj acent that part of the cylinder head remote from the cylinder, and an air supply passageway opening into the exhaust passageway adjacent the port, said air supply passageway being con structed and disposed to deliver air directly into the port.

2. In a mono-valve cylinder head construction, a combustion chamber having a valved port, an exhaustpassageway extending coaxially from the port and delivering the exhaust to an outlet adja- "cent that part of the cylinder head remotefrom the cylinder, and an air supply passageway opening into the exhaust passageway adjacent the port, said air supply passageway being constructed and'disposed to deliver air directly into the port, the port end of the exhaust passageway being provided with a lateral pocket into which the air supply conduit opens.

3. In a mono-valve cylinder head construction,

a combustion chamber having a valved port, an

exhaust passageway extending coaxially from the port and delivering the exhaust to an outlet adjacent that part of the cylinder head remote from the cylinder, and an air supply passageway opening into the exhaust passageway adjacent the port, said air supply passageway being constructed and disposed to deliver air directly into the port, said combustion chamber being of upwardly taperingconstruction ior delivering the burned products of combustion well into the exhaust passageway and beyond the adjacent end of the air supply passageway.

4. In a mono-valve cylinder head construction, a combustion chamber having a valved port, an exhaust passageway extending coaxially from the port and delivering the exhaust to an outlet adjacent that'part of the cylinder head remote from the cylinder, and an air supply passageway opening into the exhaust passageway adjacent the port, said air supply passageway being constructed and disposed to deliver air directly into the port, the port end of the exhaust passageway being provided with a lateral pocket into which the air supply conduit opens, said combustion chamber being of upwardly tapering construction so as to guide the exhaust gases well into the exhaust passageway so as to avoid the adjacent end of the air supply passageway.

5. In a mono-valve cylinder head construction, acombustion chamber having a port, an arcuate air supply passageway constructed adjacent and arranged to deliver a flow of air immediately into the port, a valve for the port,-and an exhaust passageway into which the air passageway opens, said exhaust passageway extending coaxially away from the said port, and delivering the exhaust to an outlet adjacent that part of the cylinder head remote from the cylinder.

6. In a'mono-vaive cylinder head construction, a pair of arcuate-shaped passageways, a combustion chamber having a valved port with which the passageways communicate, said passageways mergingtogether with their meeting point describing an air deflector offset laterally from the port for deflecting air directly into said port from one of said passageways. 7

7. In a mono-valve cylinder head construction comprising a combustion chamber having a port with a valve for said port, an exhaust passageway having its inner end coaxial with the valve stem and enveloping the said port, an air supply conduit opening into the said exhaust passageway adjacent the port in laterally offset relation to the axis ofthe said port.

8. In a mono-valve cylinder head construction comprising a combustion chamber having a port with a valve for said port, an exhaust passageway having its inner end coaxial with the valve stem and enveloping the said port, an air supply conduit opening into the said exhaust passageway adjacent the port in laterally oflset relation to the axis of the said port, the top portion of the air supply passageway being curved longitudinally and converging with the bottom portion of the passageway to cause the supply of air to sweep into the lower portion of the exhaust passageway and directly into the said port.

9. In a mono-valve cylinder head construction comprising a combustion chamber having a port with a valve for said port, an exhaust passageway having its inner end coaxial with the valve stem and enveloping the said port, anair supply conduit opening into the said exhaust passageway adjacent the port in laterally offset relation to the axis of the said port, thetop portion of the air supply passageway being curved longitudinally andconverging with the bottom portion of the passageway to cause the supply of air to sweep into the lower portion of the exhaust passageway and directly into the said port, said air supply passageway gradually increasing in width inwardly so as to maintain a constant cross sectional area throughout its length WALKER M. PAT-E. 

